Maslow 2.0
From Hierarchical to Dynamic Model of Human Goals
A spiral model is a powerful metaphor for personal growth, as it represents a continuous, upward-moving cycle rather than a linear or hierarchical path. In this model, each of the four pillars—Sustenance, Excellence, Relevance, and Significance—is a phase in a continuous loop of development. Each time you complete a full loop, you return to the starting point at a higher, more complex level.
This is the starting point of the spiral. Before any meaningful growth can occur, a foundation of personal well-being must be established. This phase is about securing the basics: physical health, mental clarity, financial stability, and strong personal relationships. Without this base, the energy and capacity for higher-level pursuits are limited. Think of it as coiling the spring, gathering the necessary resources and stability to begin the ascent.
Once sustenance is secured, the spiral begins its upward climb. This phase is dedicated to personal development and mastery. You focus on building new skills, deepening your knowledge in a chosen field, and pursuing a high level of competence. This is the stage of hard work, discipline, and intentional practice. The vertical movement of the spiral represents the growth in your capabilities and confidence.
With excellence achieved, the spiral expands outward. This phase is about connecting your newly acquired skills and knowledge to the needs of the world. It’s the period of application, where you seek opportunities to use your excellence to solve problems, contribute to your community, or meet a market demand. This outward expansion ensures your efforts are not isolated but are valuable and impactful to others.
This phase brings the current cycle to a meaningful conclusion. As you apply your excellence in a relevant way, you begin to understand the deeper purpose behind your actions. The positive impact you create provides a powerful sense of meaning and fulfillment. This feeling of significance becomes the motivational force that drives you to start the cycle again, but at a new and higher level of aspiration.
The beauty of the spiral model is that it never truly ends. The significance you achieve in one loop becomes the fuel for the next. It might reveal a new problem to solve, a higher level of excellence to achieve, or a different community to connect with. This continuous process of building, applying, and finding meaning creates an ever-expanding, upward-moving spiral of personal and professional growth. The four-pillar spiral model has a strong conceptual resonance with the Four Purusharthas of Hinduism. Both frameworks outline a set of essential goals for a complete and fulfilling human life, but they differ in their structure, emphasis, and ultimate aim.
The spiral model can be considered more comprehensive and a "next step" in thinking on human goals because it accounts for the simultaneity of human efforts, which is not fully captured by traditional hierarchical models like Maslow's.
The hierarchical model suggests a sequential, linear journey where one must satisfy lower-level needs before moving on to higher ones. In this view, a person can't truly pursue significance (self-actualization) until their need for sustenance (physiological needs) is met.
The spiral model, however, reflects the reality that human life is not linear. People often pursue all four goals at the same time, albeit with varying degrees of focus. An artist may be struggling for financial sustenance while simultaneously pursuing excellence in their craft, seeking relevance in their community, and working toward a deeper sense of significance. The model shows how a moment of excellence can lead to a new form of sustenance, which in turn fuels the next spiral of growth.
The spiral model represents a key conceptual shift from viewing human needs as a static hierarchy to seeing human life as a dynamic process.
Static vs. Dynamic: Maslow's pyramid is a powerful framework for categorizing needs, but it presents a static picture. The spiral model, by its very nature, is a process model. It emphasizes continuous action, learning, and growth, where the pursuit of one goal recursively influences the others.
Verb-based vs. Noun-based: Maslow's model can be seen as focused on the "what"—what a person needs. The spiral model is more focused on the "how"—how a person lives and grows. This focus on the process makes it a more practical and applicable guide for everyday life.
Therefore, while the concepts of the spiral model are not entirely new and build upon the foundational ideas of its predecessors, its non-hierarchical, simultaneous, and recursive structure offers a more nuanced and comprehensive way to understand the complex journey of human life.